New methods of ballistic protection are high on the list of priorities for the Direction Générale d’Armements (DGA) in its work on materials, which is an important factor in technological capabilities such as efficiency and protection of the soldier, optimization of armoured vehicles, innovative naval platforms and future aircraft platforms. This article offers a round-up of current French scientific research in the field of materials, chemistry and energy, directed at protection and perforation to respond to the military requirement for equipment and personnel protection, and the civil need for the safety of goods and people.